A Novel Model for Transmission Dynamics of Meningitis Incorporating Vaccination and Treatment Using Counterfeit and Non-Counterfeit Drugs

Abstract

The protective membranes around the brain and spinal cord become inflamed or swollen when meningitis occurs. The original mode of transmission for bacterial meningitis was from animal to human, but has not been confirmed to spread from person to person through contaminated surfaces, saliva, respiratory secretions, and aerosol droplets. This study analyses bacterial meningitis using counterfeit and non-counterfeit drugs. Numerous mathematical representations regarding bacterial meningitis transmission have been put up and examined. The study investigated the effect of administering counterfeit and non-counterfeit medication to infected individuals. According to the model analysis, endemic equilibrium is only locally asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction number is smaller than unity, while the disease-free equilibrium is asymptotically stable both locally and globally. Administering counterfeit drugs to infected individuals may lead to no recovery. Weaker regulatory controls may lead to unsuitable outcomes. MATLAB software is utilized to do numerical simulations that illustrate the influence of counterfeit and non-counterfeit drugs resulting to severe illness on areas prone to counterfeit drugs. There is need for a coordinated effort among governments, healthcare providers, pharmaceutical companies, and the public to ensure optimal results.