http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/531 Thu, 09 Apr 2026 23:46:38 GMT 2026-04-09T23:46:38Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/899 Up-Grading and Enhancing Sustainable Linkages of Rwanda’s Tourism Value Chains: Opportunities and Bottlenecks Odunga, p.; Manyara, g.; Lucy, o. : The Rwandan government’s Economic Development and Poverty Reduction S4trategy II (EDPRS 2, 2013-2018) highlights enhancement of connectivity and linkages within the country’s economy as one of the priority areas for economic transformation. In the highlights, emphasis is put on the need for deepening the integration of key value chains of the economy. After a comprehensive analysis of Rwanda’s global competitiveness, tourism was identified as one of the key sectors that would spur economic development in the country. Important as it is, however, the linkage of this sector to the rest of the economy was found to be weak and hence compromises on its ability to deliver on certain targets as expected. This paper thus identifies opportunities as well as the bottlenecks within tourism value chains in Rwanda and recommends possible solutions. A questionnaire survey was used to obtain data related to visitor expenditure, targeting visitors at land border points and Kigali International airport. Focus group discussions were also conducted in gathering data on value chains analysis and identification of intervention programs that would remove any bottlenecks in the system. Fri, 01 Jun 2018 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/899 2018-06-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/897 Estimating the direct contribution of tourism to Rwanda’s economy: Tourism satellite account methodology Odunga, p. The tourism industry is poised to command a significant role in the economy of Rwanda, a low-income developing country that is rapidly transforming into a service-oriented economy. However, the industry does not exist as a distinct entity in a country’s national accounts leading to difficulties in estimating its role. Besides, the existence of a significant informal sector aggravates the situation. This study used tourism satellite accounts approach to estimate the economic contribution of tourism. Using primary data from various tourism surveys, six core tables of the tourism satellite accounts framework are presented to esti- mate the direct economic contribution of tourism to Rwanda’s economy in 2014. In this year, a total of 1,219,529 international tourists visited the country while 560,000 residents took part in domestic tourism trips resulting in internal tourism expenditure/consumption amounting to RWF 261.2bn. This generated an estimated RWF 197.5bn as gross value added by the tourism characteristic industries. Direct tourism gross value added was estimated at RWF 120.0bn while direct tourism gross domestic product, a measure of the direct effects of internal tourism consumption on gross domestic product of the economy was computed at RWF 128.3bn (or 2.5% of Rwanda’s gross domestic product) in the year. In addition to the core six tourism satellite accounts tables, the levels of tourism employment (about 89,000 jobs) tourism gross fixed capital formation (slightly over RWF 200bn) and tourism collective consumption (over RWF 7bn) were estimated. Under this study, the international methodological recommendations on tourism satellite accounts were implemented for Rwanda. The contribution of tourism to gross domestic product, employment, investment, and collective consumption was quantified and estimated. Informal sector tourism activities were included in these estimates. Gross fixed capital formation and collective consumption estimates are tentative due to conceptual considerations documented by the methodological framework. Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/897 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/896 Estimating the direct contribution of tourism to Rwada's economy:Tourism satellite account methodology Odunga, p.; Manyara, g.; Yobesia.m. The tourism industry is poised to command a significant role in the economy of Rwanda, a low-income developing country that is rapidly transforming into a service-oriented economy. However, the industry does not exist as a distinct entity in a country’s national accounts leading to difficulties in estimating its role. Besides, the existence of a significant informal sector aggravates the situation. This study used tourism satellite accounts approach to estimate the economic contribution of tourism. Using primary data from various tourism surveys, six core tables of the tourism satellite accounts framework are presented to esti- mate the direct economic contribution of tourism to Rwanda’s economy in 2014. In this year, a total of 1,219,529 international tourists visited the country while 560,000 residents took part in domestic tourism trips resulting in internal tourism expenditure/consumption amounting to RWF 261.2bn. This generated an estimated RWF 197.5bn as gross value added by the tourism characteristic industries. Direct tourism gross value added was estimated at RWF 120.0bn while direct tourism gross domestic product, a measure of the direct effects of internal tourism consumption on gross domestic product of the economy was computed at RWF 128.3bn (or 2.5% of Rwanda’s gross domestic product) in the year. In addition to the core six tourism satellite accounts tables, the levels of tourism employment (about 89,000 jobs) tourism gross fixed capital formation (slightly over RWF 200bn) and tourism collective consumption (over RWF 7bn) were estimated. Under this study, the international methodological recommendations on tourism satellite accounts were implemented for Rwanda. The contribution of tourism to gross domestic product, employment, investment, and collective consumption was quantified and estimated. Informal sector tourism activities were included in these estimates. Gross fixed capital formation and collective consumption estimates are tentative due to conceptual considerations documented by the methodological framework. Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/896 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/895 Impact of Tourism on the Economy of Rwanda: Tourism Collective Consumption Multilier Effects Odunga, P. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the economic impact of tourism collective consumption by the government for the year 2013/2014. The input-output/SAM models were used to estimate the impacts and effects. Data for analysis was sourced from EORA multi-region input-output table (MRIO) database. All impacts have a starting point in the economy, defined as the direct effect. The direct effect sets off iterations of indirect (inter-industry production) and induced (household purchases) spending. There are several different types of multipliers depending on the secondary effects included and the measure of economic activity used. The common multipliers computed were associated with output, income, value addition and employment in the economy. Multipliers were decomposed into their associated effects: initial, production and consumption effects. Tourism collective consumption of US$ 9 million created 79 thousand jobs, generated $4.7 million labour income, and added $11 million to total value in the economy and $23 million to total output. This shows the extent to which government expenditure on tourism collective services can stimulate the economy in terms of employment creation, value addition, income generation and output production. However, ways of apportioning public shared services to a particular sector in the economy are still inconclusive. This study could be the first to assess the economic impacts of tourism collective consumption. Future studies may re-estimate the multipliers by adopting Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models and more advanced statistical methods of apportioning shared collective services to a particular sector of the economy. Sun, 01 Sep 2019 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/895 2019-09-01T00:00:00Z