http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/514 2026-04-09T23:38:17Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/900 Up-Grading and Enhancing Sustainable Linkages of Rwanda’s Tourism Value Chains: Opportunities and Bottlenecks Odunga, p.; Manyara, g.; Lucy, o. : The Rwandan government’s Economic Development and Poverty Reduction S4trategy II (EDPRS 2, 2013-2018) highlights enhancement of connectivity and linkages within the country’s economy as one of the priority areas for economic transformation. In the highlights, emphasis is put on the need for deepening the integration of key value chains of the economy. After a comprehensive analysis of Rwanda’s global competitiveness, tourism was identified as one of the key sectors that would spur economic development in the country. Important as it is, however, the linkage of this sector to the rest of the economy was found to be weak and hence compromises on its ability to deliver on certain targets as expected. This paper thus identifies opportunities as well as the bottlenecks within tourism value chains in Rwanda and recommends possible solutions. A questionnaire survey was used to obtain data related to visitor expenditure, targeting visitors at land border points and Kigali International airport. Focus group discussions were also conducted in gathering data on value chains analysis and identification of intervention programs that would remove any bottlenecks in the system. 2018-06-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/873 Up-Grading and Enhancing Sustainable Linkages of Rwanda’s Tourism Value Chains: Opportunities and Bottlenecks Odunga P, Manyara G, Atieno L The Rwandan government’s Economic Development and Poverty Reduction S4trategy II (EDPRS 2, 2013-2018) highlights enhancement of connectivity and linkages within the country’s economy as one of the priority areas for economic transformation. In the highlights, emphasis is put on the need for deepening the integration of key value chains of the economy. After a comprehensive analysis of Rwanda’s global competitiveness, tourism was identified as one of the key sectors that would spur economic development in the country. Important as it is, however, the linkage of this sector to the rest of the economy was found to be weak and hence compromises on its ability to deliver on certain targets as expected. This paper thus identifies opportunities as well as the bottlenecks within tourism value chains in Rwanda and recommends possible solutions. A questionnaire survey was used to obtain data related to visitor expenditure, targeting visitors at land border points and Kigali International airport. Focus group discussions were also conducted in gathering data on value chains analysis and identification of intervention programs that would remove any bottlenecks in the system. 2018-06-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/523 Consumer Behaviour in Regard to Recycling of Green Secondary Packaging in Kenya. International Journal of Managerial Studies and Research Wambugu, H.; Musyoka, R Kenya aspires to become a middle-income economy by 2030, and as a result the government through NEMA is working extra hard to have a clean environment before then. There has been widespread plastic bags littering throughout the country, and as a result plastic waste issues have attracted widespread concern and attention in Kenya for the last five years. This has rekindled the idea of green marketing right from product/service design, packaging to distribution through retail outlets.A lot of research has been done on effects of characteristics of primary packaging on purchase behaviorin both developed and developing countries. However, from the accessible literature, there is no quantitative teststo show the factors driving post-purchase behavior in respect to recycling of packaging by shoppers in Kenya. This study investigated the effects of packaging characteristics and information processing on shoppers’’ post-purchase decisions in regard to recycling of secondary packaging in Kenya. Shoppers personal characteristics were controlled, and the study adopted a survey design where a sample of 600supermarket shoppers in three Nairobi metropolitan towns of Kiambu, Ruiru and Thika were interviewed using structured questionnaires. Results were analyzed using regression analysis method, and the results shows indicated that, size have a positive and significant effect on the post-purchase behavior towards green secondary packaging mainly recycling behavior, (coefficient 0. 0.503 p-value = 0.000). Graphics had significant effect on recycling behavior (Coefficient 0.264, p-value 0.000). Price had positive and significant effect on recycling behavior (Co-efficient 1.282, p- value= 0.000). Information related to brand name and logo has positive but insignificant effect on the recycling behavior of green secondary packaging. Technology related attributes (durability) had positive and significant effect on the recycling behavior (Coefficient 1.143, p-value = 0.000).Information processing has positive and significant effect on recycling behavior (Coefficient 0.605, p-value 0.000). Individual Consumer variables except for the gender (Coefficient -040, p-value 0.171) had positive and significant effect on recycling behavior. Knowledge generated in this study is important to the business community in Kenya and the Kenyan government in that, manufacturers and retailers will use it to plan their marketing strategies in order to promote the green marketing agenda, while the government through NEMA will use it as an eye opener when developing policies to guide waste disposal. Based on the results, conclusion can be reached that green secondary packaging is an intervention by NEMA that has contributed to the acceptance of recycling of green packaging and it will go a long way in improving the environment. 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/522 The effect of working capital management on performance of small enterprises in Kenya Mwirigi, D.; Wambugu H. W; Maina, M Small enterprises have played a critical role in provision of employment, goods for export, income to the government and general value addition. Nevertheless, they face myriad of challenges in managing working capital. The study evaluates the effect of working capital management on the performance of Small Enterprises in Kenya. The research aims at establishing the effect of working capital management-Cash conversion cycle, Inventory turnover days, accounts payable days and accounts receivable days on financial performance of Small Enterprises. Net profit was used as the basis of determining the financial performance of the Small Enterprises. The study investigated small enterprises with more than ten employees in Kirinyaga County. The study used both cross-sectional and correlational research design to determine the effect and relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The study population was Small Enterprises within the county from which a sample of 40 firms used and was obtained through simple random sampling. Questionnaires were administered to the owners of each selected SMEs in order to obtain the primary data. The data obtained was analyzed using multiple regression model to examine the effect of working capital management on the performance of Small Enterprises. The results indicates that’s the accounts payable had a positive but insignificant effect on the profit made by SMEs (Coefficient 742.855, p-Value 0.478). Accounts receivable had a negative but insignificant effect on the profit made by SMEs (Coefficient -2977.465, p-Value 0.399). Inventory management had a negative but significant effect on the profit made by SMEs (Coefficient - 38445.823., p-Value 0.013). The study concludes that managers can increase profits through shortening Inventory turnover and accounts receivable days. Moreover they can increase profitability through negotiating for better credit terms with their suppliers so that they are able to increase accounts payable days since longer account payable days has positive effect on profitability 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z